Q2 2025 Aviation Report

Miami Investment Banking Firm Cassel Salpeter Issues Aviation Industry Deal Report 
South Florida firm publishes Q1 2025 Aviation Deal Report surveying company M&A, deal flow, and market trends

Indigo Acquisition Corp. Announces Separate Trading of its Ordinary Shares and Rights

Source: INDIGO ACQUISITION CORP

NEW YORK, July 18, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Indigo Acquisition Corp. (NASDAQ: INACU) (the “Company”) announced today that, commencing on or about July 30, 2025, holders of its units sold in the Company’s initial public offering may elect to separately trade the Company’s ordinary shares and rights included in the units. The ordinary shares and rights that are separated will trade on the Nasdaq Global Market (“Nasdaq”) under the symbols “INAC” and “INACR,” respectively. No fractional rights will be issued upon separation of the units and only whole rights will trade. Those units not separated will continue to trade on Nasdaq under the symbol “INACU.” Holders of units will need to have their brokers contact Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, the Company’s transfer agent, in order to separate the units into ordinary shares and rights.

The Company is a Cayman exempt company, formed as a blank check company for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities. The Company intends to focus on opportunities with established, profitable companies with attractive market positions and/or growth potential that can leverage our management team’s experience and expertise. The Company is led by its Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, James S. Cassel, and its Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer, Scott Salpeter.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This press release contains statements that constitute “forward-looking statements.” Forward-looking statements are subject to numerous conditions, many of which are beyond the control of the Company, including those set forth in the Risk Factors section of the Company’s final prospectus relating to the Company’s initial public offering filed with the SEC on July 1, 2025. Copies are available on the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. The Company undertakes no obligation to update these statements for revisions or changes after the date of this release, except as required by law.

Contact:

James S. Cassel, CEO
jcassel@cs-ib.com
305-438-7700

Scott Salpeter, CFO
ssalpeter@cs-ib.com
305-438-7700

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Indigo Acquisition Corp. Announces Closing of Full Over-Allotment Option

Source: INDIGO ACQUISITION CORP

NEW YORK, July 11, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Indigo Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) announced today that it has consummated the sale of the full 1,500,000 units subject to the over-allotment option granted to the underwriters in connection with its initial public offering. The additional units were sold at $10.00 per unit, generating additional gross proceeds to the Company of $15,000,000.

The Company’s units are listed on the Nasdaq Global Market (“Nasdaq”) and trade under the ticker symbol “INACU.” Each unit consists of one ordinary share and one right entitling its holder to receive one tenth of one ordinary share upon the Company’s completion of an initial business combination, subject to adjustment. Once the securities comprising the units begin separate trading, the ordinary shares and rights are expected to be listed on Nasdaq under the symbols “INAC” and “INACR,” respectively.

The Company is a Cayman exempt company, formed as a blank check company for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities. The Company intends to focus on opportunities with established, profitable companies with attractive market positions and/or growth potential that can leverage our management team’s experience and expertise. The Company is led by its Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, James S. Cassel, and its Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer, Scott Salpeter.

EarlyBirdCapital, Inc. acted as the book-running manager for the offering and IB Capital acted as co-manager for the offering. The offering was made by means of a prospectus. Copies of the prospectus may be obtained from EarlyBirdCapital, Inc., 366 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10017, Attention: Syndicate Department, or (212) 661-0200.

A registration statement relating to these securities was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and was declared effective on June 30, 2025. This press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy, nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any state or jurisdiction in which such an offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or jurisdiction.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This press release contains statements that constitute “forward-looking statements.” No assurance can be given that the net proceeds of the offering will be used as indicated in the offering prospectus. Forward-looking statements are subject to numerous conditions, many of which are beyond the control of the Company, including those set forth in the Risk Factors section of the Company’s registration statement and preliminary prospectus for the offering filed with the SEC. Copies are available on the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. The Company undertakes no obligation to update these statements for revisions or changes after the date of this release, except as required by law.

Contact:

James S. Cassel, CEO
jcassel@cs-ib.com
305-438-7700

Scott Salpeter, CFO
ssalpeter@cs-ib.com
305-438-7700

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Q2 2025 Tech Report

Miami Investment Banking Firm Cassel Salpeter Issues Tech Industry Deal Report 

South Florida firm publishes Q2 2025 Tech Deal Report surveying year’s company M&A, deal flow, and market trends

Indigo Acquisition Corp. Announces Closing of $100,000,000 Initial Public Offering

Source: INDIGO ACQUISITION CORP

NEW YORK, July 02, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Indigo Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) announced today that it closed its initial public offering of 10,000,000 units at $10.00 per unit. The offering resulted in gross proceeds to the Company of $100,000,000.

The Company’s units are listed on the Nasdaq Global Market (“Nasdaq”) and trade under the ticker symbol “INACU.” Each unit consists of one ordinary share and one right entitling its holder to receive one tenth of one ordinary share upon the Company’s completion of an initial business combination, subject to adjustment. Once the securities comprising the units begin separate trading, the ordinary shares and rights are expected to be listed on Nasdaq under the symbols “INAC” and “INACR,” respectively.

The Company is a Cayman exempt company, formed as a blank check company for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities. The Company intends to focus on opportunities with established, profitable companies with attractive market positions and/or growth potential that can leverage our management team’s experience and expertise. The Company is led by its Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, James S. Cassel, and its Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer, Scott Salpeter.

Of the proceeds received from the consummation of the initial public offering and a simultaneous private placement of units, $100,000,000 was placed in trust.

EarlyBirdCapital, Inc. acted as the book-running manager for the offering and IB Capital acted as co-manager for the offering. The Company has granted the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to an additional 1,500,000 units at the initial public offering price to cover over-allotments, if any. The offering is being made only by means of a prospectus. Copies of the prospectus may be obtained, when available, from EarlyBirdCapital, Inc., 366 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10017, Attention: Syndicate Department, or (212) 661-0200.

A registration statement relating to these securities was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and was declared effective on June 30, 2025. This press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy, nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any state or jurisdiction in which such an offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or jurisdiction.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This press release contains statements that constitute “forward-looking statements.” No assurance can be given that the net proceeds of the offering will be used as indicated in the offering prospectus. Forward-looking statements are subject to numerous conditions, many of which are beyond the control of the Company, including those set forth in the Risk Factors section of the Company’s registration statement and preliminary prospectus for the offering filed with the SEC. Copies are available on the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. The Company undertakes no obligation to update these statements for revisions or changes after the date of this release, except as required by law.

Contact:

James S. Cassel, CEO
jcassel@cs-ib.com
305-438-7700

Scott Salpeter, CFO
ssalpeter@cs-ib.com
305-438-7700

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Indigo Acquisition Corp. Announces Pricing of $100,000,000 Initial Public Offering

Source: INDIGO ACQUISITION CORP

NEW YORK, June 30, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Indigo Acquisition Corp. (the “Company”) announced today that it priced its initial public offering of 10,000,000 units at $10.00 per unit. The Company’s units will be listed on the Nasdaq Global Market (“Nasdaq”) and will begin trading tomorrow, July 1, 2025, under the ticker symbol “INACU.” Each unit consists of one ordinary share and one right entitling its holder to receive one tenth of one ordinary share upon the Company’s completion of an initial business combination, subject to adjustment. Once the securities comprising the units begin separate trading, the ordinary shares and rights are expected to be listed on Nasdaq under the symbols “INAC” and “INACR,” respectively.

The Company is a Cayman exempt company, formed as a blank check company for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities. The Company intends to focus on opportunities with established, profitable companies with attractive market positions and/or growth potential that can leverage our management team’s experience and expertise. The Company is led by its Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, James S. Cassel, and its Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer, Scott Salpeter.

EarlyBirdCapital, Inc. is acting as the book-running manager for the offering and IB Capital is acting as co-manager for the offering. The Company has granted the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to an additional 1,500,000 units at the initial public offering price to cover over-allotments, if any. The offering is being made only by means of a prospectus. Copies of the prospectus may be obtained, when available, from EarlyBirdCapital, Inc., 366 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10017, Attention: Syndicate Department, or (212) 661-0200.

A registration statement relating to these securities was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and was declared effective on June 30, 2025. This press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy, nor shall there be any sale of these securities in any state or jurisdiction in which such an offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or jurisdiction.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This press release contains statements that constitute “forward-looking statements.” No assurance can be given that the offering discussed above will be completed on the terms described, or at all, or that the net proceeds of the offering will be used as indicated in the offering prospectus. Forward-looking statements are subject to numerous conditions, many of which are beyond the control of the Company, including those set forth in the Risk Factors section of the Company’s registration statement and preliminary prospectus for the offering filed with the SEC. Copies are available on the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. The Company undertakes no obligation to update these statements for revisions or changes after the date of this release, except as required by law.

Contact:

James S. Cassel, CEO
jcassel@cs-ib.com
305-438-7700

Scott Salpeter, CFO
ssalpeter@cs-ib.com
305-438-7700

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Turbulence ahead: how global tariffs threaten US $1tr aviation success

By GlobalData
June 25, 2025

Tariffs will cause a storm in aviation, but Joey Smith argues they are actually well-placed to navigate the ‘headwinds’ at play.

With the snap of a finger through Executive Orders, the US President imposed varying tariffs against the entire world. The healthy global aviation industry is suddenly under fire, writes Joey Smith of investment banking firm Cassel Salpeter.

The US aviation industry’s performance is approaching all-time highs in 2025, and revenues are projected to surpass $1 trillion for the first time, solidifying the industry’s strongest recovery post-COVID. The aviation industry’s total global economic impact, both direct and indirect, is estimated at more than $4 trillion, while supporting at least 11 million jobs directly and more than 86 million indirectly.

It would be a shame and reckless to impact this industry and its supply chain. Air transport provides significant economic and social benefits, as it facilitates tourism, trade, and connectivity and enables rapid disaster responses and a lifeline for remote communities worldwide.

The US aviation industry, a shining star and net exporter for the domestic economy, is receiving a raw deal with the Trump tariff agenda. It is a prime example of US manufacturing prowess, offering well-paying jobs and producing one of the largest trade surpluses of any industry for years.

The aircraft, engine, and parts manufacturing industry in the US is expected to export about $125 billion this year, second only to the oil and gas extraction industry, with Boeing being America’s biggest exporter of goods. Approximately 80% of Boeing’s planes are transported to overseas customers. The effects globally and in the US could be far-reaching, from manufacturers and their supply chains, all the way downstream to the flying public.

Introducing tariffs in the aviation sector is an unforced error and is likely to hurt the healthy domestic aviation ecosystem. President Trump’s newly introduced global tariffs represent a “black swan” event with potentially dramatic and unpredictable consequences for the aviation industry and complementary sectors, up and down the supply chain, in the U.S. and abroad.

Specifically, the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement or USMCA, which replaced NAFTA, is on shaky ground, and new North American tariffs could take a significant toll on downstream companies operating within the complex aircraft components supply chain, which has struggled for years with material and labour shortages.

The North American aviation industry is highly interconnected, and the tariffs will impact industry participants both big and small. The notion that new tariffs will drive the movement of production to the United States may be a fallacy. Planes take years to design and manufacture and are typically used for decades; decisions to relocate operations or open new facilities are not made lightly. In addition to high upfront costs, companies looking to expand their US presence will continue to face a skilled worker shortage that has impacted the industry for years.

The dynamic nature of these policies, with exemptions granted and modifications made on short notice, creates substantial uncertainty that further complicates long-term planning. Aircraft transactions typically involve lengthy timelines, and the shifting tariff landscape means that deals struck before the new policies could face unexpected additional costs at closing.

This unpredictability will drive changes in new contract terms, with buyers and sellers needing to carefully allocate tariff risks and develop contingencies for policy changes.

The MRO sector faces new uncertainty, with additional guidance needed from trade officials in the U.S. and abroad. Historically, when US operators brought aircraft or parts to foreign jurisdictions for repairs, no new formal entry or duties were required upon return. However, given that this duty-free treatment was based on the Civil Aircraft Agreement, it is unclear whether such exemptions will continue under the new tariff regime.

Supply chain diversification could accelerate in response to the tariffs. Aviation businesses are reassessing their vendor networks and exploring alternatives in countries less affected by the new duties. This includes potential shifts in parts sourcing, maintenance, and servicing, and even aircraft selection, based on the country of manufacture.

The air cargo industry also faces new headwinds within an evolving tariff landscape. Policy uncertainty, tariff flip-flopping, and exemption jockeying cause distress within the market. Cargo airlines must now navigate a complex landscape of shifting trade flows as manufacturers and retailers modify their supply chains in response to tariff pressures. This will lead to changes in network planning, capacity deployment, and even aircraft acquisition strategies as carriers adapt to new trade routes and volumes.

These tariff challenges and the ripple economic effects are concerning, yet we believe that the US aviation industry and all its downstream sector participants are well-positioned to be proactive, both politically and operationally, to navigate the incoming tariff headwinds. We are hopeful that during these days of uncertainty, the US aviation sector, one of the strongest exporters and employers in the US, will not only weather the storm but emerge stronger and more resilient.

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Q1 2025 Healthcare Report

Miami Investment Banking Firm Cassel Salpeter Issues Healthcare Industry Deal Report 

South Florida firm publishes Q4 2024 Healthcare Deal Report surveying year’s company M&A, deal flow, and market trends

Doubts About Job Market Turning Around Soon Easy To Understand

By Angela Gabriel
May 9, 2025

In a recent BioSpace LinkedIn poll, nearly half of respondents predicted the job market won’t turn around until 2027 or later. It’s easy to see why people are skeptical, especially when you consider recent hiring activity and layoffs.

EDITORIAL
Biopharma professionals don’t have much hope for the biopharma job market turning around this year, based on a recent BioSpace LinkedIn poll. A whopping 74% of respondents predicted it won’t improve until 2026 or later, and 44% don’t expect a turnaround until at least 2027. It’s easy to understand the skepticism given that the positive signs people were looking for to spur hiring, including increased funding, haven’t materialized as layoffs continue.

Biopharma professional Pierre Michel Baez Ortiz is among those feeling pessimistic about the job market turning around anytime soon. In a poll comment, he noted that Maryland hasn’t recovered from the crash after the pandemic-era money infusion ran out.

“Over three years and the region is unstable as hell,” he wrote. “There’s zero job security and some people in my network have been unemployed for more than a year, a few for several years. And now we have more big companies leaving Montgomery County.”

If the industry recovers, he added, it wouldn’t be for maybe two more years.

Biopharma professional Ricardo Azedo took a more positive tone in the poll comments, writing, “I want to be hopeful, so I’d cast my vote to ‘as soon as possible.’”

That said, just 27% of voters predicted the job market will turn around by the end of this year.

Reasons for Skepticism Easy To Find

It’s not hard to spot what might be fueling people’s skepticism. In addition to factors such as venture capital funding dropping 20% year over year in the first quarter, massive Department of Health and Human Services layoffs and looming pharma tariffs, consider:

  • Late last month, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that the number of job openings was little changed in March and dropped by 901,000 over the year.
  • In April, job postings live on the BioSpace website were up just 1% month over month and down 8% year over year.
  • Although the number of biopharma professionals laid off in April dropped 22% year over year, according to BioSpace tallies, the 1,357 people affected was the second-highest monthly total of 2025. (Note: Figures exclude contract development and manufacturing organizations, contract research organizations, tools and services businesses and medical device firms.)

In what’s sure to be unwelcome news, May’s layoffs have already surpassed April’s with Teva Pharmaceuticals cutting 2,893 employees worldwide. Add Bristol Myers Squibb’s layoffs of 516 people in Lawrenceville, New Jersey, and you’re at about 3,400 people out of work between just two companies. That’s especially significant given that just over 4,000 biopharma employees were laid off over the entire first quarter.

Those layoff numbers likely wouldn’t surprise Ira Leiderman, healthcare managing director at investment banking firm Cassel Salpeter & Co. During an interview for a recent BioSpace article, he noted that companies are “leaning down.”

“People need to husband their cash, manage their expenditures, and unfortunately, it’s costing people their jobs and their livelihoods,” he said.

Leiderman doesn’t see hiring rising in the near term and theorized that mid-level and senior-level people could leave the country and head to Europe, leading to some brain drain. He also noted that biopharma professionals might change industries.

For those who need jobs now, and especially for those who’ve needed them for several months or longer, leaving the U.S. or biopharma itself to gain employment is understandable. As Leiderman said, “People have to pay their bills, right? They’ve got to make a mortgage payment. They’ve got to put food on the table for their kids. You’ve got to live the dream, but you’ve got to also be realistic at some point.”

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Job Market Woes: More Funding, Stability Needed for Turnaround

By Angela Gabriel
May 8, 2025

The biopharma job market likely won’t turn around until 2026, according to two industry experts. Both cited a need for more investment and noted the impact of uncertainty on the industry.

The biopharma job market is unlikely to turn around this year, according to two industry experts who cited a need for more investment and regulatory predictability as key factors to a hiring increase.

“I expect 2026 will be the real inflection point,” said Audrey Greenberg, CEO and founder of AG Capital Advisors, a strategic advisory firm. “The election year, uncertainty last year and the capital markets conditions—coupled with sort of inflation concerns and global trade and geopolitical risks—are all sort of making folks stop and stare, like rubberneckers during a car crash.”

Greenberg noted that emerging biotech and early-stage research and development hiring are still slow and will probably lag until the markets fully recover and rebound.

Based on BioSpace data for April, overall biopharma hiring activity is down year over year. There were 8% fewer job postings live on the website last month than the year prior.

Ira Leiderman, healthcare managing director at investment banking firm Cassel Salpeter & Co., which primarily handles mergers and acquisitions, said there’s a low chance hiring will turn around in 2025. Echoing Greenberg, he noted that just as the job market looked like it would get better, it was hit with uncertainty on the macro level with the economy and political situation and the micro level for biotech. Certainty must come back for the situation to improve, he said.

Leiderman noted that it’s possible the biopharma job market will turn around after the midterm elections in 2026. If the House and Senate flip, he explained, President Donald Trump may not be able to run the country by fiat and executive orders.

“Right now, Congress is not doing their job, in my opinion, and they’re getting steamrolled,” Leiderman said.

Investment Key Factor in Turnaround

For the biopharma job market to turn around, there needs to be more capital deployment, according to Greenberg.

“Funding is still very selective,” she said. “A lot of capital is sitting on the sidelines. We need recovery in the IPO markets, and then that will allow for the redeployment of capital into early-stage companies and late-stage ventures. So, the cycle of capital needs to increase in momentum, starting with the IPO market opening up.”

A recent BioSpace article noted that more capital left biotech than entered the sector in 42 of 52 weeks of 2024.

Greenberg noted there are some bright spots for investment, citing Philadelphia and New Jersey as examples. According to CBRE data, between 2019 and 2024:

Leiderman’s thoughts on investment aligned with Greenberg’s, as he noted that the flow of funds into biotech has decreased and venture capital activity has dried up.

“There are funds with a lot of money that are holding back, and they’re keeping dry powder for their portfolio companies,” Leiderman said. “We’re not seeing a lot of transactions getting closed.”

Biopharma VC funding dropped 20% year over year in the first quarter, from $8.1 billion to $6.5 billion.

As to what could spark a change in investment, Leiderman said, “I think when we see people feeling good about the stock market without the crazy volatility that we’ve been seeing over the past month, people may start saying, ‘Well, maybe now it’s time to start looking at transactions and still putting some money to work.’”

Regulatory Predictability, M&A Activity Also Critical

Regulatory predictability is another factor in the job market turning around, according to Greenberg. She cited recent changes at the FDA as part of what’s holding the market back. Those changes include 3,500 FDA staffers being let go in April, leading to drug review delays.

Leiderman also pointed toward a lack of predictability where the FDA is concerned, noting “you have successful Phase III trials, registration studies, and you file your BLA or your NDA, and then who knows how long it’s going to take to get out of the agency.”

In addition, he said cuts to research funding at universities could become a hiring issue, as the biopharma industry sources scientists from those academic institutions, from grads and postdocs to junior and senior faculty.

“If that gets cut back, we’re killing the farm club, right?” Leiderman said. “We’re going to have empty benches.”

The final factor Greenberg cited for the biopharma job market turning around is more mergers and acquisitions.

“We’ve seen a lot of partnerships, but Big Pharma—and they’re the ones with all the dollars—is still a bit cautious,” she said. “But I think it’ll really only be a matter of time before pipeline gaps force aggressive buying and partnering.”

Although M&A value in biopharma rose 101% in the first quarter of the year compared to the final three months of 2024, policy challenges prompted pharmas to turn to less risky licensing transactions.

Finding the Right Rhythm for Growth, Hiring

How companies pace growth moving forward is also important to the biopharma job market, according to Greenberg. She noted that businesses should avoid not only underhiring but also overhiring, which can lead to layoffs.

“Not too hot, not too cold,” Greenberg said. “You need to hire against real inflection points and avoid ‘short-termism,’ is a phrase I like to use.”

She noted that when it comes to hiring, timing can be particularly difficult for those running a manufacturing operation, such as a contract development and manufacturing organization. When CDMOs are trying to sell contracts to clients, she explained, they need to prove that they already have the capability, which means hiring a bit ahead of need.

“You need some people, say, six months door to floor, meaning from when you hire someone to when they’re actually operational and fully functional on the manufacturing floor,” Greenberg said.

Leiderman’s recommendation for how companies can pace growth was that they should focus on programs with the highest likelihood of success. He noted that data talks.

“If you have good data, it’s going to attract people who are going to want to fund that,” he said.

Putting It Into Perspective: It’s Not 2022, but That’s a Positive

As biopharma professionals keep an eye on the job market, funding and federal actions that impact the industry, Greenberg offered a positive take on the situation.

“This isn’t 2022, and that’s a good thing,” she said. “We’re in a more rational market. Emerging biotech is leaner, making good decisions. Big Pharma is incredibly disciplined, and cell and gene therapy, AI and manufacturing are scaling with purpose. So, I wouldn’t call it bad. I call it healthier and smarter hiring for the next wave of innovation.”

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